Caring for a Baby Squirrel: A Comprehensive Guide
Baby squirrels, also known as kittens or pups, are adorable and helpless creatures that require specialized care and attention. If you find an orphaned or injured baby squirrel, it’s crucial to provide immediate assistance to ensure its survival and well-being. This comprehensive guide will provide you with all the essential information you need to care for a baby squirrel, from feeding and housing to socialization and release.
1. Assessment and First Aid
a. Determine the Age and Condition:
- Newborn squirrels (less than 3 weeks old) are hairless, blind, and deaf.
- Young squirrels (3-6 weeks old) have fur but are still dependent on their mother for food and warmth.
- Older squirrels (6-12 weeks old) are more independent and may be able to eat solid food.
b. Check for Injuries:
- Examine the squirrel for any visible injuries, such as cuts, bruises, or broken bones.
- If you suspect a broken bone, do not attempt to set it yourself. Contact a licensed wildlife rehabilitator immediately.
c. Provide Warmth:
- Baby squirrels are unable to regulate their body temperature, so it’s essential to keep them warm.
- Place the squirrel in a small, lined box with a heating pad set to low.
- Monitor the temperature closely to avoid overheating.
2. Feeding
a. Formula:
- Newborn squirrels require a specialized formula designed for baby squirrels.
- Follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully for mixing and feeding.
- Feed the squirrel every 2-3 hours using a syringe or bottle with a small nipple.
b. Solid Food:
- As the squirrel grows older, gradually introduce solid food, such as:
- Nut butters (unsalted and sugar-free)
- Hard-boiled eggs
- Cooked chicken or turkey
- Fresh fruits and vegetables
c. Water:
- Provide fresh water in a shallow dish.
- Squirrels may not drink much at first, but it’s important to keep water available.
3. Housing
a. Nest Box:
- Create a cozy nest box for the squirrel using a small cardboard box or plastic container.
- Line the box with soft material, such as fleece or cotton balls.
- Keep the nest box in a warm, quiet place.
b. Bedding:
- Provide plenty of bedding material, such as shredded paper, fleece, or towels.
- Change the bedding regularly to keep it clean and dry.
c. Temperature Control:
- Baby squirrels need a warm environment.
- Maintain a temperature of around 80-90°F (27-32°C) for newborn squirrels and 70-80°F (21-27°C) for older squirrels.
- Use a heating pad or heat lamp to provide additional warmth if necessary.
4. Socialization
a. Handling:
- Handle the squirrel gently and only when necessary.
- Avoid excessive handling, as it can stress the squirrel.
- Use a soft cloth or gloves to protect your hands.
b. Vocalization:
- Talk to the squirrel in a soft, soothing voice.
- Squirrels communicate through vocalizations, so mimicking their sounds can help build a bond.
c. Playtime:
- Provide opportunities for supervised playtime.
- Offer toys such as small balls, stuffed animals, or cardboard boxes.
- Playtime helps the squirrel develop coordination and social skills.
5. Release
a. Timing:
- The ideal time to release a baby squirrel is when it is fully weaned and has developed the necessary survival skills.
- This typically occurs around 12-16 weeks of age.
b. Location:
- Release the squirrel in a safe, wooded area with plenty of trees and food sources.
- Choose a location where the squirrel is unlikely to encounter predators or humans.
c. Monitoring:
- Monitor the squirrel’s behavior after release to ensure it is adjusting well.
- Provide supplemental food and water for a few days if necessary.
6. Common Health Issues
a. Respiratory Infections:
- Sneezing, coughing, and discharge from the nose or eyes.
- Seek veterinary attention immediately.
b. Diarrhea:
- Loose or watery stools.
- Dehydration can occur quickly, so it’s important to seek veterinary care.
c. Parasites:
- Fleas, ticks, or worms.
- Use appropriate medications to treat parasites as directed by a veterinarian.
7. Legal Considerations
- It is illegal to keep a squirrel as a pet in many jurisdictions.
- Contact a licensed wildlife rehabilitator if you are unable to care for the squirrel or if it is injured.
- They will provide the necessary care and release the squirrel back into the wild when appropriate.
Conclusion
Caring for a baby squirrel is a rewarding but challenging experience. By following these guidelines, you can provide the necessary care and support to help the squirrel thrive and eventually return to its natural habitat. Remember to prioritize the squirrel’s well-being, seek professional assistance when needed, and respect the laws and regulations regarding wildlife care.