Caring for a Baby Squirrel: A Comprehensive Guide
Baby squirrels, with their wide eyes and helpless demeanor, can evoke a strong desire to nurture and protect. However, caring for a baby squirrel is a significant responsibility that requires specialized knowledge and dedication. This comprehensive guide will provide you with all the essential information you need to ensure the well-being of a baby squirrel in your care.
Assessment and Initial Care
1. Determine the Squirrel’s Age and Condition:
- Newborn (0-3 weeks): Eyes closed, ears folded, no fur or teeth.
- Infant (3-6 weeks): Eyes open, ears unfolded, fur starting to grow, teeth erupting.
- Juvenile (6-12 weeks): Fur fully developed, teeth fully erupted, starting to climb and explore.
2. Assess for Injuries or Illness:
- Check for any visible wounds, swelling, or discharge.
- Observe the squirrel’s behavior for signs of lethargy, difficulty breathing, or seizures.
3. Provide Warmth and Hydration:
- Place the squirrel in a warm, draft-free environment.
- Use a heating pad set to low or a warm water bottle wrapped in a towel.
- Offer the squirrel small amounts of electrolyte solution or kitten milk replacer every 2-3 hours.
Feeding
1. Formula Selection:
- Use a kitten milk replacer specifically formulated for baby squirrels.
- Avoid using cow’s milk or other human milk substitutes.
2. Feeding Schedule:
- Newborn: Feed every 2-3 hours, around the clock.
- Infant: Feed every 3-4 hours, gradually increasing the time between feedings.
- Juvenile: Feed every 4-6 hours, as needed.
3. Feeding Technique:
- Use a syringe or dropper to gently feed the squirrel.
- Hold the squirrel upright and support its head.
- Feed slowly and avoid overfeeding.
Housing
1. Enclosure:
- Provide a small, enclosed space such as a cardboard box or plastic container.
- Line the enclosure with soft bedding, such as fleece or towels.
- Ensure the enclosure has adequate ventilation.
2. Temperature Control:
- Maintain a temperature of around 85-90°F (29-32°C) for newborns.
- Gradually decrease the temperature as the squirrel grows.
3. Hygiene:
- Keep the enclosure clean by changing the bedding regularly.
- Wipe the squirrel’s bottom with a warm, damp cloth after each feeding.
Socialization and Enrichment
1. Handling:
- Handle the squirrel gently and only when necessary.
- Avoid prolonged handling, as it can stress the squirrel.
2. Socialization:
- If possible, introduce the squirrel to other squirrels of a similar age.
- Provide toys and enrichment activities, such as climbing structures and chew toys.
3. Outdoor Exposure:
- Once the squirrel is fully weaned and has developed its climbing skills, gradually introduce it to outdoor environments.
- Supervise the squirrel closely and provide a safe enclosure.
Health and Veterinary Care
1. Regular Checkups:
- Take the squirrel to a veterinarian specializing in wildlife rehabilitation for regular checkups.
- Monitor the squirrel’s weight, growth, and overall health.
2. Vaccinations:
- Vaccinations may be necessary to protect the squirrel from diseases such as rabies and distemper.
3. Parasite Control:
- Check the squirrel for parasites, such as fleas or mites.
- Treat any infestations promptly.
Rehabilitation and Release
1. Weaning:
- Gradually wean the squirrel from formula to solid foods, such as nuts, seeds, and fruits.
2. Climbing Skills:
- Provide opportunities for the squirrel to practice its climbing skills.
- This is essential for its survival in the wild.
3. Release:
- Once the squirrel is fully weaned, has developed its climbing skills, and is healthy, it can be released back into its natural habitat.
- Choose a safe location with ample food and shelter.
Additional Tips
- Avoid giving the squirrel human food: This can be harmful to its health.
- Do not attempt to keep the squirrel as a pet: Squirrels are wild animals and should not be domesticated.
- Contact a wildlife rehabilitator if you are unable to care for the squirrel: They have the expertise and resources to provide the best possible care.
Conclusion
Caring for a baby squirrel is a rewarding but challenging experience. By following the guidelines outlined in this comprehensive guide, you can provide the necessary care and support to ensure the squirrel’s well-being and successful rehabilitation. Remember, it is essential to seek professional assistance from a wildlife rehabilitator if you are unable to provide adequate care for the squirrel.