Baby Fawn Care: A Comprehensive Guide for Wildlife Rehabilitators and Caregivers
Introduction
Baby fawns, the offspring of deer, are delicate and vulnerable creatures that require specialized care to ensure their survival. When encountered in the wild, it is crucial to approach them with caution and assess their condition before intervening. This article provides a comprehensive guide to baby fawn care, covering essential aspects such as handling, feeding, housing, and medical considerations.
Assessing the Situation
Before handling a baby fawn, observe it from a distance to determine its condition. If the fawn is lying still and not moving, it may be injured or orphaned. If it is alert and moving, it may be separated from its mother and in need of assistance.
Handling
When handling a baby fawn, use gloves to avoid transferring human scent. Approach the fawn slowly and calmly, and gently lift it by the skin on its back, supporting its head and body. Do not lift the fawn by its legs or tail.
Feeding
Baby fawns require a specialized milk formula that is specifically designed for their nutritional needs. Do not feed them cow’s milk or other human food, as it can cause digestive problems.
Formula Preparation
- Use a commercially available baby fawn milk formula.
- Mix the formula according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
- Warm the formula to body temperature (98-100°F).
Feeding Schedule
- Feed the fawn every 2-3 hours during the day.
- Gradually increase the feeding interval as the fawn grows.
- Feed the fawn until it is full and stops suckling.
Feeding Method
- Use a bottle with a small nipple specifically designed for fawns.
- Hold the fawn upright and tilt its head slightly back.
- Gently insert the nipple into the fawn’s mouth and allow it to suckle.
- Do not force the fawn to drink.
Housing
Baby fawns require a clean, warm, and draft-free environment.
- Provide a small enclosure with soft bedding, such as blankets or towels.
- Keep the enclosure at a temperature of 70-80°F.
- Ensure there is adequate ventilation.
Medical Considerations
Baby fawns are susceptible to various health issues, including:
- Hypothermia: Keep the fawn warm and provide a heat source if necessary.
- Dehydration: Offer the fawn plenty of fluids.
- Parasites: Consult a veterinarian for appropriate deworming medication.
- Infections: Seek veterinary attention if the fawn exhibits signs of illness, such as diarrhea, coughing, or lethargy.
Rehabilitation and Release
The ultimate goal of baby fawn care is to rehabilitate the fawn and return it to the wild.
- Gradual Weaning: Once the fawn is strong enough, gradually wean it from the bottle by mixing formula with water.
- Soft Release: Introduce the fawn to an outdoor enclosure where it can acclimate to natural surroundings.
- Hard Release: When the fawn is fully independent and healthy, release it into a suitable habitat.
Legal Considerations
It is important to note that caring for baby fawns may require permits or licenses depending on local regulations. Contact your local wildlife agency for guidance.
Conclusion
Baby fawn care is a rewarding but challenging endeavor that requires specialized knowledge and compassion. By following the guidelines outlined in this article, wildlife rehabilitators and caregivers can provide these vulnerable creatures with the necessary care to ensure their survival and return to the wild. Remember to always approach fawns with caution, assess their condition, and seek professional assistance when necessary.