Baby Possum Care: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction
Baby possums, also known as joeys, are incredibly vulnerable creatures that require specialized care to thrive. These tiny marsupials are born underdeveloped and rely heavily on their mothers for nourishment, warmth, and protection. However, in cases where the mother is unavailable or unable to care for her young, human intervention becomes necessary. This article provides a comprehensive guide to baby possum care, covering everything from feeding and housing to socialization and release.
Assessing the Baby Possum’s Condition
Before providing care, it is crucial to assess the baby possum’s condition. Check for any visible injuries, such as cuts, bruises, or broken bones. If the joey is cold to the touch, it may be hypothermic and require immediate warming. Additionally, observe the joey’s breathing and vocalizations. Rapid or shallow breathing can indicate respiratory distress, while excessive crying may be a sign of hunger or discomfort.
Feeding Baby Possums
Baby possums require a specialized diet that mimics the milk they receive from their mothers. Commercial possum milk replacer is the most suitable option, as it provides the necessary nutrients and calories. The milk should be warmed to body temperature (98-100°F) before feeding.
Bottle Feeding
To bottle-feed a baby possum, use a small syringe or a specialized possum bottle. Gently insert the tip of the bottle or syringe into the joey’s mouth and slowly administer the milk. Avoid overfeeding, as this can lead to digestive problems.
Tube Feeding
If the baby possum is too weak or uncoordinated to suckle from a bottle, tube feeding may be necessary. This involves inserting a thin tube directly into the joey’s stomach. Tube feeding should only be performed by an experienced wildlife rehabilitator or veterinarian.
Feeding Schedule
Baby possums need to be fed every 2-3 hours around the clock. As they grow older, the feeding frequency can be gradually reduced.
Housing Baby Possums
Baby possums require a warm, dark, and draft-free environment. A small box lined with soft material, such as fleece or towels, can provide a suitable shelter. Place a heating pad set to low under half of the box to create a warm spot for the joey. Ensure that the heating pad is not in direct contact with the joey, as this can cause burns.
Maintaining Hygiene
Baby possums are prone to infections, so maintaining good hygiene is essential. Keep the joey’s enclosure clean by changing the bedding regularly. Use a damp cloth to gently wipe the joey’s body and remove any urine or feces.
Socialization
Baby possums are social animals that benefit from interaction with other possums. If possible, house multiple joeys together to provide them with companionship and socialization. However, it is important to introduce joeys gradually and monitor them closely for any signs of aggression.
Release
The ultimate goal of baby possum care is to prepare them for release back into the wild. When the joeys are old enough and have developed the necessary survival skills, they should be released in an appropriate habitat.
Determining Release Readiness
Before releasing a baby possum, it is crucial to ensure that it is fully developed and capable of surviving on its own. The joey should be able to walk, climb, and forage for food. Additionally, it should have a healthy weight and be free from any injuries or illnesses.
Choosing a Release Site
The release site should be a suitable habitat for possums, with access to food, water, and shelter. Avoid areas with high levels of predators or human activity.
Releasing the Baby Possum
Release the baby possum at dusk or dawn, when it is less likely to encounter predators. Place the joey in a safe location, such as a tree or brush pile, and leave it alone. Do not attempt to approach or interact with the joey after release, as this can disrupt its natural behavior.
Additional Tips
- Avoid handling baby possums excessively. This can stress the joey and interfere with its development.
- Keep the baby possum away from other animals. This includes both domestic pets and wild animals, as they may pose a threat to the joey.
- Do not give baby possums cow’s milk or other human foods. These foods are not suitable for their digestive systems.
- If you find a baby possum that appears injured or sick, contact a wildlife rehabilitator or veterinarian immediately.
Conclusion
Baby possum care is a demanding but rewarding task. By providing the necessary nourishment, shelter, and socialization, you can help these vulnerable creatures thrive and eventually return to the wild. Remember to approach baby possum care with patience, compassion, and a commitment to their well-being.