Caring for Baby Squirrels: A Comprehensive Guide to Feeding and Nurturing
Baby squirrels, also known as kittens or pups, are vulnerable and require specialized care to thrive. If you find an orphaned or injured baby squirrel, it’s crucial to provide proper nourishment and support to ensure its survival and well-being. This comprehensive guide will provide detailed instructions on how to feed and care for baby squirrels, covering everything from formula preparation to weaning and beyond.
1. Assessing the Baby Squirrel’s Condition
Before attempting to feed a baby squirrel, it’s essential to assess its condition. Check for any injuries, such as cuts, bruises, or broken bones. If the squirrel is cold, warm it up by placing it in a warm, dark place. Do not give it food or water until it has warmed up.
2. Formula Preparation
Baby squirrels require a specialized formula that mimics their mother’s milk. Commercial squirrel formulas are available at pet stores or online. Follow the instructions on the formula package carefully. If you cannot find commercial formula, you can make a homemade substitute using the following recipe:
- 1 cup evaporated milk
- 1/2 cup water
- 1/4 cup plain yogurt
- 1/4 teaspoon calcium powder (available at health food stores)
Mix all ingredients thoroughly and warm to room temperature before feeding.
3. Feeding Techniques
Baby squirrels should be fed every 2-3 hours, around the clock. Use a syringe or eyedropper to gently feed the formula. Hold the squirrel upright and insert the syringe or eyedropper into the side of its mouth. Do not force the formula into the squirrel’s mouth.
4. Feeding Frequency and Amount
The amount of formula to feed a baby squirrel depends on its age and weight. As a general guideline, follow these recommendations:
- 0-2 weeks: 2-3 ml of formula per feeding
- 2-4 weeks: 4-6 ml of formula per feeding
- 4-6 weeks: 6-8 ml of formula per feeding
5. Hydration
In addition to formula, baby squirrels need access to water. Place a shallow dish of water in the squirrel’s enclosure and change it daily.
6. Nesting and Bedding
Baby squirrels need a warm and comfortable place to sleep. Create a nest using a soft cloth or towel and place it in a quiet, dark area. Keep the nest clean and dry.
7. Temperature Regulation
Baby squirrels are unable to regulate their own body temperature. Maintain a warm environment by placing a heating pad or hot water bottle under half of the nest. Monitor the temperature closely to avoid overheating.
8. Stimulation
Baby squirrels need stimulation to encourage urination and defecation. After each feeding, gently rub the squirrel’s genitals with a warm, damp cloth. This will help stimulate the release of waste.
9. Weaning
Around 6-8 weeks of age, baby squirrels can begin to wean onto solid foods. Start by offering small pieces of fresh fruits and vegetables, such as apples, bananas, and carrots. Gradually increase the amount of solid food and reduce the frequency of formula feedings.
10. Release
Once the baby squirrel is fully weaned and able to fend for itself, it’s time to release it back into the wild. Choose a location with plenty of trees and water sources. Release the squirrel during the early morning or late evening when predators are less active.
Additional Care Tips
- Keep the baby squirrel clean: Gently wipe the squirrel’s body with a warm, damp cloth to remove any dirt or debris.
- Monitor the squirrel’s weight: Weigh the squirrel daily to ensure it is gaining weight and developing properly.
- Socialization: Handle the baby squirrel regularly to help it become accustomed to human interaction. However, avoid excessive handling to prevent imprinting.
- Seek professional help: If you encounter any difficulties or concerns while caring for a baby squirrel, do not hesitate to contact a veterinarian or wildlife rehabilitator for assistance.
Conclusion
Caring for a baby squirrel is a rewarding but challenging experience. By following these detailed instructions, you can provide the necessary nourishment and support to help the squirrel thrive and eventually return to the wild. Remember to always prioritize the squirrel’s well-being and seek professional help when needed.